Chapter 756 Oregon Laws 2003

AN ACT

SB 620

Relating to attorney fees; creating new provisions; and amending ORS 656.262 and 656.385.

Be It Enacted by the People of the State of Oregon:

SECTION 1. ORS 656.262 is amended to read:

656.262. (1) Processing of claims and providing compensation for a worker shall be the responsibility of the insurer or self-insured employer. All employers shall assist their insurers in processing claims as required in this chapter.

(2) The compensation due under this chapter shall be paid periodically, promptly and directly to the person entitled thereto upon the employer’s receiving notice or knowledge of a claim, except where the right to compensation is denied by the insurer or self-insured employer.

(3)(a) Employers shall, immediately and not later than five days after notice or knowledge of any claims or accidents which may result in a compensable injury claim, report the same to their insurer. The report shall include:

(A) The date, time, cause and nature of the accident and injuries.

(B) Whether the accident arose out of and in the course of employment.

(D) The name and address of any health insurance provider for the injured worker.

(E) Any other details the insurer may require.

(b) Failure to so report subjects the offending employer to a charge for reimbursing the insurer for any penalty the insurer is required to pay under subsection (11) of this section because of such failure. As used in this subsection, “health insurance” has the meaning for that term provided in ORS 731.162.

(4)(a) The first installment of temporary disability compensation shall be paid no later than the 14th day after the subject employer has notice or knowledge of the claim, if the attending physician authorizes the payment of temporary disability compensation. Thereafter, temporary disability compensation shall be paid at least once each two weeks, except where the Director of the Department of Consumer and Business Services determines that payment in installments should be made at some other interval. The director may by rule convert monthly benefit schedules to weekly or other periodic schedules.

(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, if a self-insured employer pays to an injured worker who becomes disabled the same wage at the same pay interval that the worker received at the time of injury, such payment shall be deemed timely payment of temporary disability payments pursuant to ORS 656.210 and 656.212 during the time the wage payments are made.

(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, when the holder of a public office is injured in the course and scope of that public office, full official salary paid to the holder of that public office shall be deemed timely payment of temporary disability payments pursuant to ORS 656.210 and 656.212 during the time the wage payments are made. As used in this subsection, “public office” has the meaning for that term provided in ORS 260.005.

(d) Temporary disability compensation is not due and payable for any period of time for which the insurer or self-insured employer has requested from the worker’s attending physician verification of the worker’s inability to work resulting from the claimed injury or disease and the physician cannot verify the worker’s inability to work, unless the worker has been unable to receive treatment for reasons beyond the worker’s control.

(e) If a worker fails to appear at an appointment with the worker’s attending physician, the insurer or self-insured employer shall notify the worker by certified mail that temporary disability benefits may be suspended after the worker fails to appear at a rescheduled appointment. If the worker fails to appear at a rescheduled appointment, the insurer or self-insured employer may suspend payment of temporary disability benefits to the worker until the worker appears at a subsequent rescheduled appointment.

(f) If the insurer or self-insured employer has requested and failed to receive from the worker’s attending physician verification of the worker’s inability to work resulting from the claimed injury or disease, medical services provided by the attending physician are not compensable until the attending physician submits such verification.

(g) Temporary disability compensation is not due and payable pursuant to ORS 656.268 after the worker’s attending physician ceases to authorize temporary disability or for any period of time not authorized by the attending physician. No authorization of temporary disability compensation by the attending physician under ORS 656.268 shall be effective to retroactively authorize the payment of temporary disability more than 14 days prior to its issuance.

(h) The worker’s disability may be authorized only by a person described in ORS 656.005 (12)(b)(B) or 656.245 (5) for the period of time permitted by those sections. The insurer or self-insured employer may unilaterally suspend payment of temporary disability benefits to the worker at the expiration of the period until temporary disability is reauthorized by an attending physician.

(i) The insurer or self-insured employer may unilaterally suspend payment of all compensation to a worker enrolled in a managed care organization if the worker continues to seek care from an attending physician not authorized by the managed care organization more than seven days after the mailing of notice by the insurer or self-insured employer.

(5) Payment of compensation under subsection (4) of this section or payment, in amounts not to exceed $500 per claim, for medical services for nondisabling claims, may be made by the subject employer if the employer so chooses. The making of such payments does not constitute a waiver or transfer of the insurer’s duty to determine entitlement to benefits. If the employer chooses to make such payment, the employer shall report the injury to the insurer in the same manner that other injuries are reported. However, an insurer shall not modify an employer’s experience rating or otherwise make charges against the employer for any medical expenses paid by the employer pursuant to this subsection.

(6)(a) Written notice of acceptance or denial of the claim shall be furnished to the claimant by the insurer or self-insured employer within 60 days after the employer has notice or knowledge of the claim. Once the claim is accepted, the insurer or self-insured employer shall not revoke acceptance except as provided in this section. The insurer or self-insured employer may revoke acceptance and issue a denial at any time when the denial is for fraud, misrepresentation or other illegal activity by the worker. If the worker requests a hearing on any revocation of acceptance and denial alleging fraud, misrepresentation or other illegal activity, the insurer or self-insured employer has the burden of proving, by a preponderance of the evidence, such fraud, misrepresentation or other illegal activity. Upon such proof, the worker then has the burden of proving, by a preponderance of the evidence, the compensability of the claim. If the insurer or self-insured employer accepts a claim in good faith, in a case not involving fraud, misrepresentation or other illegal activity by the worker, and later obtains evidence that the claim is not compensable or evidence that the insurer or self-insured employer is not responsible for the claim, the insurer or self-insured employer may revoke the claim acceptance and issue a formal notice of claim denial, if such revocation of acceptance and denial is issued no later than two years after the date of the initial acceptance. If the worker requests a hearing on such revocation of acceptance and denial, the insurer or self-insured employer must prove, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the claim is not compensable or that the insurer or self-insured employer is not responsible for the claim. Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, if a denial of a previously accepted claim is set aside by an Administrative Law Judge, the Workers’ Compensation Board or the court, temporary total disability benefits are payable from the date any such benefits were terminated under the denial. Except as provided in ORS 656.247, pending acceptance or denial of a claim, compensation payable to a claimant does not include the costs of medical benefits or burial expenses. The insurer shall also furnish the employer a copy of the notice of acceptance.

(b) The notice of acceptance shall:

(A) Specify what conditions are compensable.

(B) Advise the claimant whether the claim is considered disabling or nondisabling.

(C) Inform the claimant of the Expedited Claim Service and of the hearing and aggravation rights concerning nondisabling injuries, including the right to object to a decision that the injury of the claimant is nondisabling by requesting reclassification pursuant to ORS 656.277.

(D) Inform the claimant of employment reinstatement rights and responsibilities under ORS chapter 659A.

(E) Inform the claimant of assistance available to employers from the Reemployment Assistance Program under ORS 656.622.

(F) Be modified by the insurer or self-insured employer from time to time as medical or other information changes a previously issued notice of acceptance.

(c) An insurer’s or self-insured employer’s acceptance of a combined or consequential condition under ORS 656.005 (7), whether voluntary or as a result of a judgment or order, shall not preclude the insurer or self-insured employer from later denying the combined or consequential condition if the otherwise compensable injury ceases to be the major contributing cause of the combined or consequential condition.

(d) An injured worker who believes that a condition has been incorrectly omitted from a notice of acceptance, or that the notice is otherwise deficient, first must communicate in writing to the insurer or self-insured employer the worker’s objections to the notice pursuant to ORS 656.267. The insurer or self-insured employer has 60 days from receipt of the communication from the worker to revise the notice or to make other written clarification in response. A worker who fails to comply with the communication requirements of this paragraph or ORS 656.267 may not allege at any hearing or other proceeding on the claim a de facto denial of a condition based on information in the notice of acceptance from the insurer or self-insured employer. Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, the worker may initiate objection to the notice of acceptance at any time.

(7)(a) After claim acceptance, written notice of acceptance or denial of claims for aggravation or new medical or omitted condition claims properly initiated pursuant to ORS 656.267 shall be furnished to the claimant by the insurer or self-insured employer within 60 days after the insurer or self-insured employer receives written notice of such claims. A worker who fails to comply with the communication requirements of subsection (6) of this section or ORS 656.267 may not allege at any hearing or other proceeding on the claim a de facto denial of a condition based on information in the notice of acceptance from the insurer or self-insured employer.

(b) Once a worker’s claim has been accepted, the insurer or self-insured employer must issue a written denial to the worker when the accepted injury is no longer the major contributing cause of the worker’s combined condition before the claim may be closed.

(c) When an insurer or self-insured employer determines that the claim qualifies for claim closure, the insurer or self-insured employer shall issue at claim closure an updated notice of acceptance that specifies which conditions are compensable. The procedures specified in subsection (6)(d) of this section apply to this notice. Any objection to the updated notice or appeal of denied conditions shall not delay claim closure pursuant to ORS 656.268. If a condition is found compensable after claim closure, the insurer or self-insured employer shall reopen the claim for processing regarding that condition.

(8) The assigned claims agent in processing claims under ORS 656.054 shall send notice of acceptance or denial to the noncomplying employer.

(9) If an insurer or any other duly authorized agent of the employer for such purpose, on record with the Director of the Department of Consumer and Business Services denies a claim for compensation, written notice of such denial, stating the reason for the denial, and informing the worker of the Expedited Claim Service and of hearing rights under ORS 656.283, shall be given to the claimant. A copy of the notice of denial shall be mailed to the director and to the employer by the insurer. The worker may request a hearing pursuant to ORS 656.319.

(10) Merely paying or providing compensation shall not be considered acceptance of a claim or an admission of liability, nor shall mere acceptance of such compensation be considered a waiver of the right to question the amount thereof. Payment of permanent disability benefits pursuant to a notice of closure, reconsideration order or litigation order, or the failure to appeal or seek review of such an order or notice of closure, shall not preclude an insurer or self-insured employer from subsequently contesting the compensability of the condition rated therein, unless the condition has been formally accepted.

(11)(a) If the insurer or self-insured employer unreasonably delays or unreasonably refuses to pay compensation, or unreasonably delays acceptance or denial of a claim, the insurer or self-insured employer shall be liable for an additional amount up to 25 percent of the amounts then due plus any attorney fees assessed under this section. The fees assessed by the director, an Administrative Law Judge, the board or the court under this section shall be proportionate to the benefit to the injured worker. The board shall adopt rules for establishing the amount of the attorney fee, giving primary consideration to the results achieved and to the time devoted to the case. An attorney fee awarded pursuant to this subsection may not exceed $2,000 absent a showing of extraordinary circumstances. Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, the director shall have exclusive jurisdiction over proceedings regarding solely the assessment and payment of the additional amount and attorney fees described in this subsection. [The entire additional amount shall be paid to the worker if the worker is not represented by an attorney. If the worker is represented by an attorney, the worker shall be paid one-half the additional amount and the worker’s attorney shall receive one-half the additional amount, in lieu of an attorney fee.] The director’s action and review thereof shall be subject to ORS 183.310 to 183.550 and such other procedural rules as the director may prescribe.

(b) When the director does not have exclusive jurisdiction over proceedings regarding the assessment and payment of the additional amount and attorney fees described in this subsection, the [provision for attorney fees provided in] provisions of this subsection shall apply in the other proceeding.

(12) The insurer may authorize an employer to pay compensation to injured workers and shall reimburse employers for compensation so paid.

(13) Insurers and self-insured employers shall report every claim for disabling injury to the director within 21 days after the date the employer has notice or knowledge of such injury.

(14) Injured workers have the duty to cooperate and assist the insurer or self-insured employer in the investigation of claims for compensation. Injured workers shall submit to and shall fully cooperate with personal and telephonic interviews and other formal or informal information gathering techniques. Injured workers who are represented by an attorney shall have the right to have the attorney present during any personal or telephonic interview or deposition. However, if the attorney is not willing or available to participate in an interview at a time reasonably chosen by the insurer or self-insured employer within 14 days of the request for interview and the insurer or self-insured employer has cause to believe that the attorney’s unwillingness or unavailability is unreasonable and is preventing the worker from complying within 14 days of the request for interview, the insurer or self-insured employer shall notify the director. If the director determines that the attorney’s unwillingness or unavailability is unreasonable, the director shall assess a civil penalty against the attorney of not more than $1,000.

(15) If the director finds that a worker fails to reasonably cooperate with an investigation involving an initial claim to establish a compensable injury or an aggravation claim to reopen the claim for a worsened condition, the director shall suspend all or part of the payment of compensation after notice to the worker. If the worker does not cooperate for an additional 30 days after the notice, the insurer or self-insured employer may deny the claim because of the worker’s failure to cooperate. The obligation of the insurer or self-insured employer to accept or deny the claim within 60 days is suspended during the time of the worker’s noncooperation. After such a denial, the worker shall not be granted a hearing or other proceeding under this chapter on the merits of the claim unless the worker first requests and establishes at an expedited hearing under ORS 656.291 that the worker fully and completely cooperated with the investigation, that the worker failed to cooperate for reasons beyond the worker’s control or that the investigative demands were unreasonable. If the Administrative Law Judge finds that the worker has not fully cooperated, the Administrative Law Judge shall affirm the denial, and the worker’s claim for injury shall remain denied. If the Administrative Law Judge finds that the worker has cooperated, or that the investigative demands were unreasonable, the Administrative Law Judge shall set aside the denial, order the reinstatement of interim compensation if appropriate and remand the claim to the insurer or self-insured employer to accept or deny the claim.

SECTION 2. ORS 656.385 is amended to read:

656.385. (1) In all cases involving a dispute over compensation benefits pursuant to ORS 656.245, 656.260, 656.327 or 656.340, where a claimant finally prevails after a proceeding has commenced before [in a contested case order by] the Director of the Department of Consumer and Business Services, the director shall require the insurer or self-insured employer to pay a reasonable attorney fee to the claimant’s attorney. In such cases, [after a contested case hearing request by the claimant,] where an attorney is instrumental in obtaining a settlement of the dispute prior to a decision by the director, the director [may] shall require the insurer or self-insured employer to pay a reasonable attorney fee to the claimant or claimant’s attorney. The attorney fee must be based on all work the claimant’s attorney has done relative to the proceeding at all levels before the department. The attorney fee assessed by the director, or on appeal from an order of the director, under this section must be proportionate to the benefit to the injured worker. The director shall adopt rules for establishing the amount of the attorney fee, giving primary consideration to the results achieved and to the time devoted to the case. An attorney fee awarded pursuant to this subsection may not exceed $2,000 absent a showing of extraordinary circumstances.

(2) If an insurer or self-insured employer refuses to pay compensation due under ORS 656.245, 656.260, 656.327 or 656.340 pursuant to a final contested case order of the director, order of the court or otherwise unreasonably resists the payment of such compensation, the insurer or self-insured employer shall pay to the claimant or the attorney of the claimant a reasonable attorney fee as provided in subsection (3) of this section. To the extent an employer has caused the insurer to be charged such fees, such employer may be charged with those fees.

(3) If a request for a contested case hearing, review on appeal or cross-appeal to the Court of Appeals or petition for review to the Supreme Court is initiated by an insurer or self-insured employer, and the director or court finds that the compensation awarded under ORS 656.245, 656.260, 656.327 or 656.340 to a claimant should not be disallowed or reduced, the insurer or self-insured employer shall be required to pay to the claimant or the attorney of the claimant a reasonable attorney fee in an amount set by the director or the court for legal representation by an attorney for the claimant at the contested case hearing, review on appeal or cross-appeal.

(4) If upon reaching a final contested case decision where such contested case was initiated by an insurer or self-insured employer it is found by the director that the insurer or self-insured employer initiated the contested case hearing for the purpose of delay or other vexatious reason or without reasonable ground, the director may order the insurer or self-insured employer to pay to the claimant such penalty not exceeding $750 and not less than $100 as may be reasonable in the circumstances.

(5) Notwithstanding any other provision in ORS 656.382 or 656.386, an Administrative Law Judge or the Workers’ Compensation Board may not award penalties or attorney fees for matters arising under the review jurisdiction of the director. Penalties and attorney fees awarded pursuant to this section by the director or the courts shall be paid for by the employer or insurer in addition to compensation found to be due to the claimant.

SECTION 3. The amendments to ORS 656.262 and 656.385 by sections 1 and 2 of this 2003 Act apply to all claims for which an order relating to the issue on which attorney fees are sought has not become final on or before the effective date of this 2003 Act, regardless of the date of injury.

Approved by the Governor September 17, 2003

Filed in the office of Secretary of State September 18, 2003

Effective date January 1, 2004

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